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. 206 Notes58 54-D-423: Japanese Peace Treaty Files of John Foster Dulles, 1947 52, MicrofilmC-43, Reel 14, NA.59 Ibid.60 Ibid.The signatories list of this December 1949 draft still contained Korea, as wellas China and the USSR.Article 5 prescribed Japan s cession of Southern Sakhalinand the Kurile Islands to the USSR.61 Ibid.See Chapter 7 (p.169).62 FRUS 1950, Vol.VI, p.1208.63 Ibid., p.1211; Hosoya, op.cit., p.111.64 54-D-423: Japanese Peace Treaty Files of John Foster Dulles, 1947 52, MicrofilmC-43 Reel 5, NA.65 FRUS 1950, Vol.VI, pp.1296 1297.66 Ibid., p.1325.67 Ibid., p.1324.68 Ibid., p.1333, pp.1352 1354; Hosoya, op.cit., pp.117 118.69 Hosoya, op.cit., p.118.70 Ibid., p.119.71 FRUS 1950, Vol.VI, pp.1379 1383; Frederick S.Dunn, Peace-Making and theSettlement with Japan, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1963, pp.113 114;Hosoya, op.cit., pp.120 122.72 54-D-423: Japanese Peace Treaty Files of John Foster Dulles, 1947 52, MicrofilmC-43 Reel 14, NA.73 Memorandum of Conversation, by the Special Assistant to the Consultant (Allison)[Washington,] January 12, 1951, FRUS 1951, Vol.VI, pp.794 795.74 Dulles Meeting with Far East Subcommittee of Senate Foreign RelationsCommittee, March 19, 1951, Memorandum, Bureau of Public Affairs Office of theHistorian Record Relating to the Japanese Peace Treaty, Entry 1455, box 3, NA.75 Hosoya, op.cit., p.205.76 Ibid., pp.124 129, p.138.77 FO371/92538, PRO.78 FRUS 1951, Vol.VI, Part I, pp.849 855; Hosoya, op.cit., p.214.79 FRUS 1951, ibid., pp.953 954.80 Ibid., p.1025.See Chapter 1 (p.40).81 Delegation of the United States of America to the Conference for Conclusion andSignature of Treaty of Peace with Japan, San Francisco, California, September, 1951,Bureau of Public Affairs Office of the Historian Record Relating to the JapanesePeace Treaty, Entry 1455, box 3, NA.82 Hosoya, op.cit., p.131.83 Ibid., p.283.84 Ibid., p.232.85 Delegation of the United States of America to the Conference for Conclusion andSignature of Treaty of Peace with Japan, San Francisco, California, September, 1951,NA, op.cit.; Hosoya, op.cit., p.281; FO371/92588, PRO.86 FRUS 1951, Vol.VI, p.1120; 54-D-423: Japanese Peace Treaty Files of John FosterDulles, 1947 1952, Microfilm C-43, Reel 14, NA.87 Mr Acheson confirmed this understanding in a letter of June 28 to General Marshall.(FRUS 1951, Vol.VI, pp.1155 1156.)88 Ibid, pp.1157.89 Hosoya, op.cit., p.279.90 Daily Bulletin No.346, August 16, 1951, FO371/92583, PRO.91 Department of State Publication 4392, International Organization and ConferenceSeries II, Far Eastern 3, Conference for the Conclusion and Signature of the Treaty ofPeace with Japan, San Francisco, California, September 4 8, 1951, Record ofProceedings, 1951, pp.108 109. Notes 20792 Ibid., pp.112 113.93 See Introduction (p.13).94 Department of State Publication 4392, op.cit., p.119.95 United Nations, Treaty Series, 1952, Vol.138, p.38.96 See Introduction (pp.5 6).97 Second Annual Report, in Nixon Papers, 1971, p.277; Henry Kissinger, Diplomacy,New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994, p.724.98 For a detailed analysis of One Country Two Systems, see Williem Van Kemenade,translated from the Dutch by Diane Webb, China Hong Kong, Taiwan Inc., New York:Alfred A.Knopf, 1997, especially Chapter 4, Origin of the Form. 3 The Kurile Islands: The Northern Territories Dispute1 The spelling Kuril sometimes appears in government documents and existingliterature.In this book Kurile is used in the text, whereas Kuril appears only incitations from original documents.2 Conference for the Conclusion and Signature of the Treaty of Peace with Japan, SanFrancisco, California, September 4 8, 1951, Record of Proceedings, p.314.3 Kimie Hara, Japanese-Soviet/Russian Relations Since 1945: A Difficult Peace,London and New York: Routledge, 1998, p.14.For a solid historical analysis of thestrategic importance of the Northern Territories, see Geoffrey Jukes, Russia sMilitary and the Northern Territories Issue, Working Paper No.277, Strategic &Defense Studies Centre, Australian National University, 1993.4 For examples of relevant literature, refer to Bibliography at the end of this book(pp.234 236).5 Hara, op.cit.(1998).6 Neither Russians nor Japanese are indigenous to the disputed islands.In the seven-teenth and eighteenth centuries Japanese and Russians began to reach the islandsstretching between Hokkaido and Kamchatka.Long before their arrival, the islandswere populated by a native people called Ainu.[Hara, op.cit.(1998), p.14.]7 FRUS: The Conferences at Malta and Yalta 1945, p.984.(Italicized by the author.)For conditions (1), (2-b), and (2-c) that concerned Soviet interests in China, seeChapter 2 (p.52).8 Ibid.9 John Russell Deane, The Strange Alliance: The Story of Our Efforts at WartimeCooperation with Russia, New York: Viking, 1947, p.25.10 George A.Lensen, The Strange Neutrality, Tallahassee, Fla.: Diplomatic Press, 1972,pp.277 278; Hara, op.cit.(1998), pp.15 16.11 Haruki Wada, Hoppo ryodo mondai: rekishi to mirai, Tokyo: Asahi shinbun-sha,1999, p.144.12 Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, The Northern Territories Dispute and Russo-JapaneseRelations, Vol.I, Between War and Peace, 1697 1985, Berkeley, Calif.: University ofCalifornia, International and Area Studies, 1998, p.44; Lensen, op.cit., p.260; NHKNisso Purojecto, Korega soren no tainichi gaiko da: Hiroku, Hopporyodo kosho,Tokyo: Nihon hoso shuppan kyokai, 1991, pp.15 17.13 Boris Slavinsky, Chishima senryo: 1945-nen natsu, Tokyo: Kyodo tsushin-sha, 1993,p.44; Wada, op.cit.(1999), p.146.14 See Chapter 1 (p.17).15 FRUS 1945, op.cit., pp.379 383; John J
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