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.Further the spinal cord is protected by a covering of fatty tissue.It isdivided into two symmetrical halves by an anterior and posterior fissure.In the centre there is aminute canal, called canalis centralis.Brahmanadi runs along this canal from the Muladhara toSahasrara Chakra.It is through this Nadi, Kundalini, when awakened, passes to Brahmarandhra.17 KUNDALINI YOGAThe spinal cord is not divided or separated from the brain.It is continuous with the brain.Allthe cranial and spinal nerves are connected with this cord.Every nerve of the body is connectedwith this.The organs of reproduction, micturition, digestion, blood-circulation, respiration are allcontrolled by this spinal cord.Spinal cord opens out into the fourth ventricle of the brain in themedulla oblongata.From the fourth ventricle it runs along the third, then the fifth ventricle of thebrain and finally it reaches the crown of the head, Sahasrara Chakra.Spinal Cord18 KUNDALINI YOGA THEORYSUSHUMNA NADIWhen we study the construction, location and function of the Spinal Cord and theSushumna Nadi, we can readily say that the Spinal Cord was called Sushumna Nadi by the Yoginsof yore.The Western Anatomy deals with the gross form and functions of the Spinal Cord, whilethe Yogins of ancient times dealt with all about the subtle (Sukshma) nature.Now in KundaliniYoga, you should have a thorough knowledge of this Nadi.Sushumna extends from the Muladhara Chakra (second vertebra of coccygeal region) toBrahmarandhra.The Western Anatomy admits that there is a central canal in the Spinal Cord,called Canalis Centralis and that the cord is made up of grey and white brain-matter.Spinal Cord isdropped or suspended in the hollow of the spinal column.In the same way, Sushumna is droppedwithin the spinal canal and has subtle sections.It is of red colour like Agni (fire).Within this Sushumna there is a Nadi by name Vajra which is lustrous as Surya (sun) withRajasic qualities.Again within this Vajra Nadi, there is another Nadi, called Chitra.It is of Sattvicnature and of pale colour.The qualities of Agni, Surya and Chandra (fire, sun and moon) are thethree aspects of Sabda Brahman.Here within this Chitra, there is a very fine minute canal (which isknown as Canalis Centralis).This canal is known as Brahmanadi through which Kundalini, whenawakened, passes from Muladhara to Sahasrara Chakra.In this centre exist all the six Chakras(lotuses, viz., Muladhara, Svadhishthana, Manipura, Anahata, Vishuddha and Ajna).The lower extremity of the Chitra Nadi is called Brahmadvara, the door of Brahman, asKundalini has to pass through this door to Brahmarandhra.This corresponds to Haridwar which isthe gate of Hari of Badrinarayan in the macrocosm (physical plane).The Chitra terminates in theCerebellum.In a general sense the Sushumna Nadi itself (gross Spinal Cord) is called Brahma Nadibecause, Brahma Nadi is within the Sushumna.Again the canal within the Chitra is also calledSushumna, because the canal is within the Sushumna.Ida and Pingala Nadis are on the left and rightsides of the spine.Chitra is the highest and most beloved of the Yogins.It is like a thin thread of lotus.Brilliantwith five colours, it is in the centre of Sushumna.It is the most vital part of the body.This is calledthe Heavenly way.It is the giver of Immortality.By contemplating on the Chakras that exist in thisNadi, the Yogi destroys all sins and attains the Highest Bliss.It is the giver of Moksha.When the breath flows through Sushumna, the mind becomes steady.This steadiness of themind is termed Unmani Avastha , the highest state of Yoga.If you sit for meditation whenSushumna is operating, you will have wonderful meditation.When the Nadis are full of impurities,the breath cannot pass into the middle Nadi.So one should practise Pranayama for the purificationof Nadis.19 KUNDALINI YOGAPARA-SYMPATHETIC AND SYMPATHETIC SYSTEMOn either side of the spinal cord run the sympathetic and para-sympathetic cords, a doublechain of ganglia.Ganglia means a collection of nerve-cells.These constitute the Autonomic Systemwhich supplies nerves to the involuntary organs, such as heart, lungs, intestines, kidneys, liver, etc.,and controls them.Vagus nerve which plays a vital part in human economy comes out of thissympathetic system.Sympathetic system stimulates or accelerates.Para-sympathetic systemretards or inhibits.There are nerves to dilate or expand the arteries which carry pure oxygenatedblood to nourish the tissues, organs and cells of different parts of the body.These are calledVaso-dilators.The left and the right sympathetic chains are connected by filaments.These crossfrom the right to the left side and vice versa, but the exact places where these crosses are not known,though several have attempted to find.M Kendrick and Snodgrass in their Physiology of the Senseswrite: Where the sensory fibres cross from one side to the other is not known.In some parts ofthe spinal cord the sensory fibres do cross from the right to left side and vice versa. IDA AND PINGALA NADISIda and Pingala Nadis are not the gross sympathetic chains.These are the subtle Nadis thatcarry the Sukshma Prana.In the physical body these tentatively correspond to the right and leftsympathetic chains.Ida starts from the right testicle and Pingala from the left testicle.They meet with SushumnaNadi at the Muladhara Chakra and make a knot there.This junction of three Nadis at the MuladharaChakra is known as Mukta Triveni.Ganga, Yamuna and Sarasvati dwell in Pingala, Ida andSushumna Nadis respectively.This meeting place is called Brahma Granthi.Again these meet atthe Anahata and Ajna Chakra.In the macrocosm also you have a Triveni at Prayag where the threerivers Ganga, Yamuna and Sarasvati meet.Ida flows through the left nostril and Pingala through the right nostril.Ida is also calledChandra Nadi (moon) and Pingala as Surya Nadi (sun).Ida is cooling and Pingala is heating.Pingala digests the food.Ida is of pale, Sakti Rupa.It is the great nourisher of the world.Pingala isof fiery red, Rudra Rupa.Ida and Pingala indicate Kala (time) and Sushumna swallows time.TheYogi knows the time of his death; takes his Prana into Sushumna; keeps it in Brahmarandra, anddefies time (Kala death).The famous Yogi Sri Chang Dev of Maharashtra fought against deathseveral times by taking the Prana into Sushumna.He was a contemporary of Sri Jnanadev ofAlandi, near Poona.It was he who had Bhuta Siddhi, control over wild animals, through his Yogicpractices.He came on the back of a tiger to see Sri Jnanadev
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